Pillory of Valença

Category: Civil Architecture > Pillory

District: Viana do Castelo > Valença > Valença > Fortaleza

Location

The Pillory of Valença is situated in a tranquil corner, integrated into the heart of the imposing Valença Fortress. Located on a walkway, in a small square, this historical landmark harmoniously fits into the city's urban and walled environment, offering an authentic glimpse into the past within its historic walls.

Roman Roots

Before assuming the form we know today, this pillory had an earlier, much older life. In fact, it is a remarkable Roman milestone dating from the 1st century. This monolith, dedicated to Emperor Claudius, was part of the ancient Roman road network, specifically the IV Via or 19 of the Antonine Itinerary, which connected Bracara Augusta (Braga) to Astorga, passing through Tuy. Its inscription, still visible, indicated the distance of 42 miles to Braga, a unique testimony to Roman engineering and organization in Portuguese territory.

From Milestone to Symbol of Authority

It was during the 17th century that this Roman vestige was restored and adapted for a new and significant function: that of a pillory. At that time, pillories were public landmarks symbolizing the autonomy and jurisdiction of a locality, serving as the place where justice was administered and sentences were read. The transformation of an ancient Roman milestone into the Valença pillory is a fascinating example of how different eras and cultures intertwined in local history, lending it exceptional cultural and historical value.

The Piece and Its Essence

Constructed from granite ashlar, the Valença Pillory is a unique piece due to its origin and re-adaptation. Although its original finial as a pillory has been lost, its monolithic cylindrical structure retains the marks of time and its multiple functions. The presence of this monument invites reflection on the layers of history that the city of Valença preserves, from the Roman era to the times when municipal justice was exercised here.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt