Viana do Castelo Park

Category: Nature > Park

District: Viana do Castelo > Viana do Castelo > Viana do Castelo > Matos

Location

The Viana do Castelo Park is located on the right bank of the estuary that the Lima River forms before flowing into the ocean. Positioned in the heart of the city of Viana do Castelo, in the midst of the river's flood plain, its location is remarkable. This park constitutes a point of direct contact with riverine and estuarine nature, easily accessible within the urban environment of the city.

A Unique Ecosystem

With an approximate area of twenty hectares, this natural space is shaped by the continuous deposition of sediments, such as gravel, sand, and silt, transported by the waters. The park is daily nourished by the brackish water of the tide and the fresh water from the S. Vicente stream. This constant interaction between different water sources results in the formation of transitional habitats, which adapt perfectly to salinity variations and are crucial for local biodiversity.

Natural Richness Highlighted

The park's flora is distinguished by the presence of plant species that tolerate permanent water around their roots (hydrophytic vegetation) and salinity (halophytic vegetation). Recognized as the First Halophytic Park in the Country, this site underscores its uniqueness and ecological importance. For fauna, particularly birds, the park offers a vital refuge, serving as a nesting site for sedentary species and an essential stopover, resting, and feeding point for migratory birds.

Historical Memory and Current Purpose

With roots in local history, the Viana do Castelo Park was formerly known as "Caldeira de D. Prior" or "Caldeira de Maré." This area played a fundamental role in retaining water during high tide, energy used to power the tide mill of Azenhas de D. Prior, built in the early 19th century. Currently, the park is a space dedicated to recreation and leisure, also playing an important role in environmental education and nature conservation, providing direct contact with its estuarine ecosystem.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt