Fountain of Virtues

Category: Civil Architecture > Spring / Fountain

District: Porto > Porto > Porto > Virtudes

Location

The Fountain of Virtues is located in the city of Porto, nestled within the historic area of Miragaia. Situated at the bottom of Calçada das Virtudes, this street winds its way down, culminating near the Douro River, offering a unique setting.

The site is characterized by an imposing retaining wall to the north, which is part of the famous Passeio das Virtudes. The fountain is flanked by old terraced gardens, remnants of the stately homes that once dominated this area. Its position lends it a tranquil and secluded atmosphere, even in the heart of the city.

Historical and Utilitarian Legacy

Built in 1619, the Fountain of Virtues arose from the need of Porto's residents for more organized and public access to water. Before its construction, waters ran in a dispersed manner, forming puddles in the landscape.

This work was a remarkable undertaking for its time, channeling the waters of the then-known Rio Frio (Cold River). It is a significant example of Porto stonemasonry art of the 17th century, and its historical and architectural value was officially recognized in 1910, when it was classified as a National Monument.

Aesthetics and Symbolism

The fountain displays a striking Baroque style, with a high granite backrest distinguished by its monumentality and harmonious lines. In its central element, two fluted pilasters support a cornice and a pediment, where royal coats of arms once stood out.

One of its most interesting details is the red marble cartouche, bearing a Latin inscription. This epigraph, dated to the year of construction, celebrates how the waters, once "lost in foul and gloomy puddles," were now exposed and glorified by this "majestic edifice," for the benefit of all. At the bottom, two Renaissance-inspired gargoyles form the spout from which the water gushed.

The Origin of the Name

Although initially called "Fonte do Rio Frio" (Cold River Fountain) due to its direct connection to the watercourse that fed it, the name "Fonte das Virtudes" (Fountain of Virtues) prevailed. It is believed that this name stemmed from the popular belief in the alleged medicinal or beneficial properties of its waters.

In the 17th century, Calçada das Virtudes was a prime spot for walks and gatherings of Porto's bourgeoisie. The fountain itself, with its stone benches, served as a place for rest and socializing, integrating into the city's social life of the time.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt