Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Rock

Category: Religious Architecture > Sanctuary

District: Lisboa > Oeiras > Carnaxide > Gandarela

Location

Located in the Gandarela area, in Carnaxide, Oeiras municipality, the Sanctuary of Nossa Senhora da Rocha stands in an urban area, yet with a prominent position, isolated by a forecourt. It is situated near the Jamor river valley, which provides a peaceful environment, despite its proximity to the urban fabric. Its placement offers a visual landmark in the local landscape.

Origin and Devotion

The history of the Sanctuary of Nossa Senhora da Rocha dates back to 1822, when a small image of Nossa Senhora da Conceição was found in a grotto on the banks of the Jamor river. This discovery sparked strong devotion among the population. However, by decision of the then-crown, the image was transferred to the Patriarchal See of Lisbon, where it remained for over sixty years, and then to the Church of São Romão de Carnaxide for a decade. The persistence of the devotees' faith prompted the construction of this temple at the original site of the apparition, where the image returned in 1893. In 1899, King D. Carlos I granted the temple the title of Royal Chapel, and the brotherhood the title of Royal, emphasizing its importance.

Architecture and Its Details

Built between 1839 and 1892, the Sanctuary is a work by the architect José da Costa Sequeira. It features architecture that, while not adhering to a strict style, evokes the Baroque. The building has a rectangular plan and a tiered volume, culminating in a triangular pediment with a cross at its center. Inside, the single-nave interior with a barrel-vaulted ceiling features the painting of the Assumption of the Virgin, by Ernesto Condeixa. The chancel, with its gilded carved altars and a chamber housing the throne, invites contemplation. The bell tower, rising above the sanctuary, is adorned with seven bells.

An element of particular interest is the access to the apparition grotto, located on the side elevation of the building, at foundation level. A staircase leads visitors to this unique space, a natural grotto similar to a "lapinha" (small cave), where the image was originally found and where the devotion originated.

The Collection and Traditions

Beyond its architectural and religious value, the Sanctuary of Nossa Senhora da Rocha is a guardian of history and tradition. Its collection includes a vast array of over a hundred cloaks, replicas of what the original image wore. Many of these cloaks were offered by brides who chose this sanctuary for their wedding ceremonies, and some were even embroidered by princesses and infantas of Portugal, making them pieces of great historical and artistic value. The collection also includes various images, gilded carved candlesticks, crowns, and ancient vestments, which enrich the local heritage. Annually, in May, the sanctuary is the center of a centenary pilgrimage, one of the oldest and most popular festivities in Greater Lisbon, which continues to attract many visitors and keeps the community's connection to this place of faith alive.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt