Strong 2nd of Calhandriz

Category: Military Architecture > Fort

District: Lisboa > Vila Franca de Xira > Calhandriz > Pardieiro

Location

Located in the locality of Calhandriz, in the municipality of Vila Franca de Xira, the 2nd Fort of Calhandriz stands on higher ground, known as Pardieiro. Its position, at an altitude of approximately 332 meters, allowed it to have strategic control over the surrounding rural area, between the villages of À-do-Mourão and Mato. It is set within a predominantly rural environment, characteristic of the region's landscape.

A Historical Legacy

The 2nd Fort of Calhandriz is an integral part of the renowned Lines of Torres Vedras, a complex defensive system built in the 19th century during the French Invasions. Its construction, ordered in September 1810 by General Arthur Wellesley, the future Duke of Wellington, had a crucial purpose: to protect the retreat of the allied troops and prevent the invaders from bypassing the main defensive line. This fort, specifically, aimed to guard the passes and valleys that could provide access to Alverca, in the rear of Lisbon.

Structure and Preservation

Despite its modest size, the 2nd Fort of Calhandriz boasts notable military architecture for its time. Its irregular seven-sided polygonal plan stands out for the robustness of its walls, designed to house a garrison of about three hundred soldiers and three pieces of 12-pounder artillery. Currently, the structure is in a good state of preservation, allowing visitors to observe its original features, such as the wide moats that surrounded the fortification.

A Point of Cultural Interest

Today, the 2nd Fort of Calhandriz serves as an important historical and cultural landmark, inviting reflection on a defining period in Portuguese history. A visit offers an opportunity to understand the defensive strategy of the Lines of Torres Vedras and to imagine the daily lives of the men who served here. It is a place that provides direct contact with 19th-century military heritage, in a tranquil rural setting.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt