Church of the Old Saint Anthony of the Star College

Category: Religious Architecture > Church

District: Coimbra > Coimbra > Coimbra > Almedina

Location

The Church of the Former College of Saint Anthony of Estrela is strategically situated in the Almedina area, in the historic and elevated heart of the city of Coimbra. Its position is integrated into the old urban fabric, characteristic of university cities, providing a perception of the surroundings rich in secular buildings and of great cultural significance for the region.

History and Foundation

The genesis of this imposing temple dates back to the 16th and 17th centuries, more specifically between 1593 and 1640, the period when it was erected as an integral part of the College of Saint Anthony of Estrela, founded by the Society of Jesus. This college was one of the most important Jesuit teaching centers in Portugal, playing a pivotal role in the intellectual and religious formation of the time. After the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1759, the complex was integrated into the University of Coimbra, adapting to new functions and uses, but maintaining the church as a central element of its heritage.

Architecture and Sacred Art

The Church of the Former College of Saint Anthony of Estrela is a notable example of Portuguese religious architecture of its time, characterized by a harmonious transition between the Mannerist and early Baroque styles. Its facade, with a more sober design, contrasts with the richness and opulence of the interior. The temple features a Latin cross plan, typical of Jesuit constructions, with a single nave leading to a large chancel. Inside, attention is drawn to the exuberant gilded carving that adorns the main altar and the various side altars, creating an atmosphere of profound spirituality and great artistic beauty. Elements such as sculpture and tile panels, when present, contribute to the iconographic and decorative richness of the space, reflecting the importance of doctrine and devotion at the time of its construction.

Cultural and Religious Significance

Beyond its strictly religious function, the Church of the Former College of Saint Anthony of Estrela holds profound cultural and historical significance for Coimbra and for Portugal. As part of a Jesuit college, it was the stage for important theological and philosophical debates, as well as grand liturgical celebrations. Its presence in the city, especially in the context of the University Hill, symbolizes the intimate connection between knowledge, faith, and education that characterized Coimbra for centuries. It is a testament to the influence of the Society of Jesus in the country's religious and intellectual life.

License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt